A clear, detailed visual resource covering two important organic qualitative tests used at A-level Chemistry.

The poster explains:

91¶¶Òõting for carboxylic acids using sodium carbonate, with effervescence caused by the formation of carbon dioxide.
The relevant reaction and the observations needed for a positive result.
91¶¶Òõting for an –OH group using solid phosphorus pentachloride, PClâ‚….
Formation of hydrogen chloride gas as evidence that an –OH group is present.
Confirmation of HCl using a glass rod dipped in concentrated ammonia solution, producing white smoke of ammonium chloride.
Clear experimental procedures, observations, interpretation and essential safety points.

Diagrams show the practical sequence so that students can connect the reagent → observation → chemical explanation → conclusion.

Part of the Organic Chemistry Practicals series and particularly suitable for A-level Chemistry revision, practical preparation, classroom display and independent study.