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Last updated

5 August 2026

L1 AQA AS/A-level Sociology Research Methods - Introduction to research methods

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores primary vs secondary methods, quantitative vs qualitative methods, validity and reliability as a way to introduce students to the main main research methods.

Key terms covered:

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•Operationalise (concepts)

•Pilot studies

•Close questions

•Open questions

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•R±ð±ô¾±²¹²ú¾±±ô¾±³Ù²â

•S³Ù²¹²Ô»å²¹°ù»å¾±²õ±ð»å

•Primary methods

•Secondary methods

•Quantitative data

•Qualitative data

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES

Can be used for ANY SPEC and GCSE but catered towards A-LEVEL AQA sociology** .

Comes with key term sheet for the lesson.

L2 AQA AS/A-level Sociology Research methods - Practical, ethical and theoretical issues

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores practical (time, cost, research opportunity, requirements of funding body & subject matter), ethical (informed consent, confidentiality, harm to participants, vulnerable groups & covert research) and theoretical issues (validity, reliability, representativeness, methodological perspective).

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA sociology but if main activity can be replaced, the rest can be used for GCSE and ANY SPEC.

Key terms covered:
Practical issues
Ethical issues
Theoretical issues
Methodological perspective
Informed consent
Representative (sample)
Generalisations
Positivism
Interpretivism

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES INCLUDED

RESOURCES CAN BE FOUND AT THE END OF THE PPT

Comes with key term sheet for the lesson.

**L3 AQA AS/ A- level Sociology Research methods - Sampling methods
**

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores sampling methods, sampling frame, representative (sample), generalising (findings) and the relationship between these and positivism and interpretivism.

Catered for AQA A-level Sociology but can be used for ANY SPEC and GCSE without being edited.

Key terms covered:
Sample
Sampling
Over-represent (extension
Under-represent (extension
Generalise
Sampling method
Probability (or random) sampling methods
Simple random sampling
Systematic random sampling
Stratified random sampling
Cluster sampling (extension)
Non- probability (or non- random) sampling methods
Snowball sampling
Quota sampling

Makes reference to key term you might already know that links:
Representative (sample) – Positivists (extension) - Interpretivists - Data – Sociological research – Research design – Research process

Comes with key term sheet for the lesson.

**ANSWER TO MAIN ACTIVITY INCLUDED

RESOURCES CAN BE FOUND AT THE END OF PPT

L4 AQA AS/ A-level Sociology: Research Methods - Experiments

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores the main features of an experiment, the different types of experiments (lab, field and the comparative method) and the PET advantages and disadvantages of them.

Provides model paragraph and detailed scaffolding to help students apply their knowledge to a 10 markers

Key terms covered:
Experiment
Experimental design
Cause–and–effect relationship
Variables
Extraneous variables
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Laboratory experiments
Field experiments
The comparative method
Hawthorne effect
Experimental group
Control group

Key experiments covered :
Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment
Milgram’s study on obedience
Zimbardo’s Standford prison experiment
Durkheim’s study of suicide

Starter activity requires the AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend

Includes a teaching to all activity

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES iNCLUDED

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA Sociology

RESOURCES AT THE END OF PPT

**L5 AQA AS/A-level Sociology: Research Methods - Questionnaires
**

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores what a questionnaire, its main features, when it’s appropriate to use and the PET strengths and weaknesses of using them for social research.

Provides detailed scaffolding to help students apply their knowledge to a 10 markers

Covers the following key terms: Questionnaire, Pre-determined , Respondent,Postal questionnaires

Makes reference to the following key terms students might already know: Closed questions - Data - Practical advantages and disadvantages –Ethical advantages and disadvantages –Theoretical advantages and disadvantages –Reliability – Validity –Sample – Representative sample – Generalise – Sample frame – Variables

ANSWERS TO STARTER MAIN ACTIVITY INCLUDED

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA Sociology

RESOURCES AT THE END OF PPT

**L6 AQA AS/A-level Sociology: Research Methods - Interviews (Structured, Unstructured & Group)
**

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores the different types of interviews (structured, unstructured and group), their main features and the PET strengths and weaknesses.

Includes a 20 marker and a model answer on it.

Key terms covered:
Structured interview
Unstructured interview
Semi-structured interview
Group interviews
Interviewer bias
Interview schedule
Social survey

Provides model paragraph and detailed scaffolding to help students apply their knowledge to a 10 markers

Includes a teaching to all activity

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES iNCLUDED

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA Sociology

RESOURCES AT THE END OF PPT

**L7 AQA AS/A-level Sociology: Research Methods - Observations (Participant & Non-participant)
**

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores the different types of observations (participant and non-participant), their main features and the PET strengths and weaknesses of using them to investigate sociological issues.

Key terms covered:

Observation

Participant observation

Non-participant observation

Covert observation

Overt research

Hawthorne/Observer effect

Observation schedule

Overt research (extension)

Covert research (extension)

Makes reference to the following key terms students might know that link: Pre-determined - Closed questions - Open questions - Quantitative data vs Qualitative data – Reliable vs Valid – Practical issues – Ethical issues – Theoretical issues – Positivism vs Interpretivist – Sample size – Representative sample – Generalise findings – Respondent – Standardised

Two starter activities - one that requires the AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend

Detailed scaffolding included to help students apply their knowledge to a 10 marker

Includes a teaching to all activity

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES INCLUDED

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA Sociology

RESOURCES AT THE END OF PPT

L8 AQA AS/A-level Sociology: Research Methods - Official statistics

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores the different types of observations (participant and non-participant), their main features and the PET strengths and weaknesses of using them to investigate sociological issues.

Key terms covered:

Official statistics

Ideological function

Dark figure of official statistics

Soft statistics

Hard statistics

Makes reference to the following key terms students might know that link: Secondary qualitative data – Secondary quantitative data - Qualitative data – Quantitative data

Starter activity requires the AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend

Detailed scaffolding included to help students apply their knowledge to a 10 marker

Includes a teaching to all activity

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITY INCLUDED

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA Sociology

L9 AQA AS/A-level Sociology: Research Methods - Documents

Detailed and differentiated student-led lesson that explores the different types of documents, the process of content analysis and the practical, ethical and theoretical (PET) advantages and disadvantages of using documents and content analysis for sociological research.

Applies methodological perspectives to the use of documents and content analysis for sociological research

Key terms covered:
Documents
Personal document
Historical documents
Public documents
Content analysis
Content
Systematic
Triangulation (extension)
Verstehen (extension) .

Makes reference to the following key terms students might know that link: Secondary qualitative data –Secondary quantitative data - Qualitative data – Quantitative data – Grounded theory (extension) - Analyse

Detailed scaffolding included to help students apply their knowledge to a 10 marker

Includes a teaching to all activity

ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES INCLUDED

Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA Sociology

RESOURCES AT THE END OF PPT

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